U.S.

Trump rally at Madison Square Garden follows a long tradition in politics

Republican Donald Trump’s rally on Sunday at Madison Square Garden follows a long line of political events at the storied New York City arena.

The Garden has hosted both Democratic and Republican National Conventions since the 1800s, and in 1939, thousands joined back-to-back pro-Nazi and Communist Party rallies in the lead-up to World War II. Marilyn Monroe took the stage in 1962 to sing “Happy Birthday” to President John F. Kennedy, adding to the lore surrounding what the New York Knicks announcer calls “the world’s most famous arena!”

Here are a few highlights from the political history of Madison Square Garden, which has occupied four buildings over time.

Grover Cleveland stages a comeback

Grover Cleveland is the only U.S. president to have served two nonconsecutive terms. Trump hopes to become the second.

After the 1892 Democratic National Convention met in Chicago and nominated Cleveland — then out of office after serving from 1885 to 1889 — he accepted the nomination with a speech at Madison Square Garden — the second one — in his home state of New York.

The Evening World reported that “a band stationed in one of the balconies played popular airs, the audience joining in the refrain of “Ta-ra-ra-boom-de-ay” and “Four years more of Grover.”

Cleveland promised to lower tariffs, whereas Trump has said imposing huge tariffs on foreign goods would boost the U.S. economy. Cleveland then defeated Republican Benjamin Harrison, becoming both the 24th and 22nd president.

A record-setting 103 ballots

The Democratic Party that met at the second Madison Square Garden in 1924 was deeply divided over immigration, Prohibition and the growing prominence of the Ku Klux Klan. The race was deadlocked between William Gibbs McAdoo of California and New York Gov. Alfred E. Smith, whom the Klan opposed because he was Roman Catholic.

From June 24 to July 9, ballot after ballot failed to secure a nomination. The Associated Press reported on July 2 that McAdoo “passed the much sought goal of 500 votes by dint of much frantic work and persuasion and maneuvering on the part of his floor managers, who declared they hadn’t finished their work yet.”

It wasn’t enough. After both McAdoo and Smith dropped out, a compromise candidate, former West Virginia Congressman John W. Davis, was nominated on the 103rd ballot; he later lost to Republican Calvin Coolidge.

Speeches by Hoover, Roosevelt

While the first two Gardens were near Madison Square — where Broadway and Fifth Avenue meet at 23rd Street — the third was northwest of that neighborhood, on Eighth Avenue and West 50th Street. It opened in 1925, and hosted both Herbert Hoover and Franklin Delano Roosevelt in their campaigns.

Facing Roosevelt, a Democrat promoting “a New Deal for the American people,” Hoover, the incumbent Republican president, said in an Oct. 21, 1932, speech that he opposed “the proposal to alter the whole foundations of our national life.”

Roosevelt beat Hoover, then spoke at the Garden again during his 1936 and 1940 campaigns.

He railed against “the old enemies of peace — business and financial monopoly, speculation, reckless banking, class antagonism, sectionalism, war profiteering” in a fiery Oct. 31, 1936 speech. “Never before in all our history have these forces been so united against one candidate as they stand today,” Roosevelt said. “They are unanimous in their hate for me — and I welcome their hatred.”

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